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You are here: Home → White Papers → Initial Configruation
White Papers

Initial Configruation

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White Papers

Initial Configruation

Download PDF

Initial Configruation

RST Forum White Paper

 

 

LAB 2: DMVPN – Initial

LAB 2: Diagram

Note: This Lab was developed on Cisco IOS Version15.2(4) M1 ADVENTERPRISEK9-M.

 

 

 

C:\Users\Swati\Desktop\Pallavi\DMVPN.png

 

 

 

 

LAB 2: Initial DMVPN Configuration

Step 1: Enable loopback and physical interfaces on R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5.

​​  R1:

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface Loopback1

ip address 11.11.11.11 255.255.255.0

exit

 

 R2:

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 172.16.2.2 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface Loopback1

ip address 22.22.22.22 255.255.255.0

exit

 

R3:

interface FastEthernet2/0

ip address 172.16.3.2 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface Loopback1

ip address 33.33.33.33 255.255.255.0

exit

 

R4:

interface FastEthernet3/0

ip address 172.16.4.2 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

interface Loopback1

ip address 44.44.44.44 255.255.255.0

exit

 

R5:

interface FastEthernet0/0

ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface FastEthernet1/0

ip address 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface FastEthernet2/0

ip address 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

interface FastEthernet3/0

ip address 172.16.4.1 255.255.255.252

no shutdown

exit

 

Step2: Assign default route pointing towards internet.

 

R1:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.1

 

R2:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.2.1

 

R3:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.3.1

 

R4:

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.4.1

 

Step3: Configure DMVPN

 

 R1:

interface Tunnel 0

ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0 //logical ip address

ip nhrp map multicast dynamic //enable multicast traffic

ip nhrp network-id 5   //assign same network-id else tunnel will not form

tunnel source 172.16.1.2  //physical address of HUB interface

tunnel mode gre multipoint  //select gre mode

ip mtu 1400    //change mtu for DMVPN header

exit

 

(Here tunnel does not have an explicit destination specified because multipoint tunnels are built dynamically from the spokes to the hub router; the hub router does not need to be preconfigured with spoke addresses.)

 

R2:

interface Tunnel 0

ip address 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0

ip nhrp network-id 5

tunnel source 172.16.2.2

ip nhrp map 192.168.0.1 172.16.1.2 //pointing towards NHS server

ip nhrp map multicast 172.16.1.2 //allow multicast traffic from R2 (spoke) to R1 (Hub)

ip nhrp nhs 192.168.0.1  //designates R1 as the NHS

tunnel mode gre multipoint

ip mtu 1400

exit

 

R3:

interface Tunnel 0

ip address 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0

ip nhrp network-id 5

tunnel source 172.16.3.2

ip nhrp map 192.168.0.1 172.16.1.2

ip nhrp map multicast 172.16.1.2

ip nhrp nhs 192.168.0.1

tunnel mode gre multipoint

ip mtu 1400

exit

 

R4:

interface Tunnel 0

ip address 192.168.0.4 255.255.255.0

ip nhrp network-id 5

tunnel source 172.16.4.2

ip nhrp map 192.168.0.1 172.16.1.2 

ip nhrp map multicast 172.16.1.2

ip nhrp nhs 192.168.0.1

tunnel mode gre multipoint

ip mtu 1400

exit 

 

Step4: Verification

 

 R1#show dmvpn

! ( Shows details of dmvpn tunnel)

 

Legend: Attrb --> S - Static, D - Dynamic, I - Incomplete

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ N - NATed, L - Local, X - No Socket

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ # Ent --> Number of NHRP entries with same NBMA peer

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ NHS Status: E --> Expecting Replies, R --> Responding, W --> Waiting

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ UpDn Time --> Up or Down Time for a Tunnel

======================================================================

Interface: Tunnel0, IPv4 NHRP Details

Type:Hub, NHRP Peers:3,

 

​​ # Ent ​​ Peer NBMA Addr Peer Tunnel Add State ​​ UpDn Tm Attrb

​​ ----- --------------- --------------- ----- -------- -----

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.2.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.2  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:01:50  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ D

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.3.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.3  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:01:08  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ D

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.4.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.4  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:00:56  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ D

 

(Hub and spoke setup would require three separate tunnels spanning from R1 to each of the spoke routers. Hub router R1 has dynamically from the tunnel with every spoke using mGRE multipoint tunnel mode. Multipoint GRE tunnel allows for more than two endpoints and is treated as a non-broadcast multi-access (NBMA) network. Conversely mGRE allows all four routers to have a single tunnel interface in the same ip subnet (192.168.0.0/24). This NBMA configuration is enabled by Next Hop Resolution Protocol, which allows multipoint tunnels to be built dynamically.)

​​ 

R2#show dmvpn

! (Shows details of dmvpn tunnel)

 

Legend: Attrb --> S - Static, D - Dynamic, I - Incomplete

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ N - NATed, L - Local, X - No Socket

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ # Ent --> Number of NHRP entries with same NBMA peer

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ NHS Status: E --> Expecting Replies, R --> Responding, W --> Waiting

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ UpDn Time --> Up or Down Time for a Tunnel

======================================================================

Interface: Tunnel0, IPv4 NHRP Details

Type:Spoke, NHRP Peers:1,

 

​​ # Ent ​​ Peer NBMA Addr Peer Tunnel Add State ​​ UpDn Tm Attrb

​​ ----- --------------- --------------- ----- -------- -----

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.1.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.1  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:05:49  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ S

 

(Initially every spoke router will form only static tunnel with only Hub router as multicast traffic is only allowed from spokes to the hub, not from spoke to spoke.)

 

R3#show dmvpn

Legend: Attrb --> S - Static, D - Dynamic, I - Incomplete

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ N - NATed, L - Local, X - No Socket

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ # Ent --> Number of NHRP entries with same NBMA peer

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ NHS Status: E --> Expecting Replies, R --> Responding, W --> Waiting

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ UpDn Time --> Up or Down Time for a Tunnel

======================================================================

Interface: Tunnel0, IPv4 NHRP Details

Type:Spoke, NHRP Peers:1,

 

​​ # Ent ​​ Peer NBMA Addr Peer Tunnel Add State ​​ UpDn Tm Attrb

​​ ----- --------------- --------------- ----- -------- -----

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.1.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.1  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:06:04  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ S

 

 R4#show dmvpn

Legend: Attrb --> S - Static, D - Dynamic, I - Incomplete

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ N - NATed, L - Local, X - No Socket

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ # Ent --> Number of NHRP entries with same NBMA peer

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ NHS Status: E --> Expecting Replies, R --> Responding, W --> Waiting

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ UpDn Time --> Up or Down Time for a Tunnel

======================================================================

Interface: Tunnel0, IPv4 NHRP Details

Type:Spoke, NHRP Peers:1,

 

​​ # Ent ​​ Peer NBMA Addr Peer Tunnel Add State ​​ UpDn Tm Attrb

​​ ----- --------------- --------------- ----- -------- -----

 ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 1 172.16.1.2  ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​ ​​​​ 192.168.0.1  ​​ ​​​​ UP 00:06:58  ​​ ​​ ​​​​ S

 

R1#show ip nhrp

! (Shows Next Hop Resolution Protocol details)

 

192.168.0.2/32 via 192.168.0.2

 ​​ ​​​​ Tunnel0 created 00:02:49, expire 01:57:10

 ​​ ​​​​ Type: dynamic, Flags: unique registered used

 ​​ ​​​​ NBMA address: 172.16.2.2

192.168.0.3/32 via 192.168.0.3

 ​​ ​​​​ Tunnel0 created 00:02:08, expire 01:57:51

 ​​ ​​​​ Type: dynamic, Flags: unique registered used

 ​​ ​​​​ NBMA address: 172.16.3.2

192.168.0.4/32 via 192.168.0.4

 ​​ ​​​​ Tunnel0 created 00:01:55, expire 01:58:04

 ​​ ​​​​ Type: dynamic, Flags: unique registered used

 ​​ ​​​​ NBMA address: 172.16.4.2

(NHRP clients ie spoke routers issue requests to the next hop server ie hub router to obtain the physical address of another spoke router. NHRP facilitates dynamic tunnel establishment, providing tunnel-to-physical interface address resolution.)

 

R1#show run interface tunnel 0

! (Shows tunnel configuration on interface)

 

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 200 bytes

!

interface Tunnel0

​​ ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

​​ no ip redirects

​​ ip mtu 1400

​​ ip nhrp map multicast dynamic

​​ ip nhrp network-id 5

​​ tunnel source 172.16.1.2

​​ tunnel mode gre multipoint

end

 

R2#ping 192.168.0.4

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.0.4, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max=348/539/822 ms

 

R4#traceroute 192.168.0.2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.0.2

 

1 192.168.0.1 287 msec 476 msec

2 192.168.0.2 300 msec

 

(Spoke router R4 is able to reach R2 via Hub router. A packet destined from R4 to R2 would need to be routed through R1 to exit R4 tunnel and the get re-encapsulation to enter R2 tunnel.)

 

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